Se uno shofar si divide, ed è stato incollato insieme, è pasul (inadatto), [essendo come due shofroth. Questo, se fosse diviso lungo la sua lunghezza. Ma se fosse diviso in larghezza—se rimase dal sito della bocca fino al punto della divisione abbastanza (shofar intatto) per soffiare, è kasher; in caso contrario, è pasul. E quanto è necessario per soffiare? (Abbastanza shofar intatto) in modo che se lo tiene in mano sia visibile su entrambi i lati.] Se ha incollato pezzi di shofroth, è pasul. Se fosse stato forato e lo avesse chiuso—se il soffio è impedito, è pasul; in caso contrario, è kasher. [Questo, solo se lo chiudesse con la sua stessa materia, se la maggior parte fosse intera, e se le forature piene non impedissero il soffio. Ma se manca una di queste condizioni, è pasul.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
שופר שנסדק ודבקו – with glue
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
Introduction
This mishnah deals with the physical wholeness of the shofar. It teaches what flaws in the shofar render it invalid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
פסול – for it is like two ram’s horns/Shofarot, and these words [refer to] split length-wise, but if it was split width-wise, if there remains from the place where one places one’s mouth until the place of the split in order that it be like the measure of a Tekiah, it is valid; but if not, it is invalid. And how much is the measurement of a Tekivah? In order that one can hold it in his hand see it from this [side] to the other [side].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
A shofar which has split and then he stuck it together is not valid. According to the Talmud, this refers to a shofar which has split lengthwise. One cannot use it by gluing it back together. This is either because the shofar won’t sound good, or because air will inevitably escape not only from the end but from the sides as well.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
If he stuck together fragments of shofars, it is not valid. In this case, someone tries to glue together pieces of a broken shofar to make one whole one. This doesn’t work for the same reasons it doesn’t work to glue together one shofar.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
ניקב וסתמו – specifically if he closed it up with its own kind, and the rest of it remained whole and holes which were stopped up did not present the Tekiah [from being sounded], it is fit, and if it is missing one of these conditions, it is invalid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Rosh Hashanah
If there was a hole in a shofar and he closed it up, if it interferes with the blowing it is not valid, but if it does not it is valid. In this case the shofar was not cracked, as was the shofar in yesterday’s mishnah, but just had a hole in it. If after he patches it up the shofar sounds okay, then it may be used. If not, it may not be used. Others explain that the words “if it interferes with the blowing” refer to before the hole is closed. If the hole prevents the sound before it is patched up, he may not use the shofar even after it has been patched up.
